Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani amabhange aphezulu enesifiso sokuthi amawashi athunyelwe ngaphandle kwezakhiwo zawo? Ingabe wuhlobo oluthile kuphela lwesiko olwaqala endaweni ethile Imodeli Yeqiniso, noma kukhona okujulile okusho ukuthi ukhathazekile? Ngokufanele, manje akuyona into engaqondakali ukuthi amabhange nababhange bathanda amawashi. Okungeziwe ukwedlula wonke umzimba, abasebenza ebhange bayabamba: isikhathi imali.
Ngezinga elilula, akunzima ukubona ukuthi kungani. Ngenxa yesibonelo nje, ake sicabangele ukuthi uyaboleka $1000 kusuka esikhungweni sezezimali esiphethe inzalo emihlanu ngonyaka. Ngonyaka owodwa, uzokhokha imali ebuyisiwe ebuyisiwe, ama- $ a thousand plus five%, ngenani eliphelele le- $1,050. Ibhange lisetshenzisiwe “isikhathi” – 365 izinsuku, ukushintshanisa $ yakho eyinkulungwane uye $1050.
Umqondo wokuthi isikhathi siyimali sizophinda futhi sibe ubuncane kumuntu ngegama le-martÃn de azpilcueta. Isazi sezomnotho saseSpain esasihlala phakathi kweminyaka yama-1500. Ubengomunye wabokuqala ukuthuthukisa umqondo noma umgomo okhethiwe wemali nokuxhumeka kwayo esikhathini.
Kepha umqondo wokuthi “isikhathi imali” kungalandelelwa emuva emuva okungenani eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili ngaphambili kune. Izinsuku ze-azpilcauta indlela yempilo yamabhange athumela amawashi ngaphandle kwezikhungo zawo aqala ngaphakathi eminyakeni yobudala ephakathi. Ngokuhambisana nesazi sezenhlalo morris berman. Ngemuva kwamawashi wekhulu leshumi nantathu emadolobheni ase-Italy “ishaye i- 24 amahora osuku”. Kusho uBerman encwadini yakhe, “ukuvuselelwa kwenkundla.”
akusikho ukuguquka kwesimo sokuthi uhlobo olusha sha lwezohwebo kwezomnotho luguquke lwakhula ngaphakathi kwekhulu le-13 nele-14. Kusho uBerman, ikakhulukazi e-italy, lapho isimo esisha sokubalwa kwezezimali sesimiselela esidala, izakhiwo eziwohlokayo zamakhosi. Leyo ndlela entsha yezomnotho iba wukuqala kohlelo olusha lwemali: ubungxiwankulu. Of umzila, I-capitalism yemakethe evulekile njengoba sazi ngayo kulezi zinsuku ngeke isaba namandla kuze kube cishe ngama-1700s. Kepha umcabango wokuthi imali ingathinteka noma isetshenziswe ngokusebenzisa ukuhamba kwesikhathi ucishe futhi uhambe uzulazule eYurophu uphinde ungene esikhungweni isikhashana.
Kulezi zinsuku, iningi labantu liyithatha ngaphandle kokucabangela lokho “isikhathi yimali”. Kungumqondo osuvele wagxila kakhulu ezindleleni zethu zokuphila zansuku zonke. Futhi sigxile ngokujulile ekucabangeni kwethu, asikwazi ukukholwa isikhathi noma umhlaba lapho lokhu bekungenjalo. Kodwa-ke ngaphambi konyaka 1200, yisho, cishe akekho owayecabanga ngesikhathi njengemali. Iwashi lomshini langempela lokufundwa ngabantu lalingavamile. (amawashi esikhathi sosuku namanzi adlula futhi emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, kodwa-ke impela yizo zonke ezinye izindaba!). Ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwamawashi wesimanje, akubanga khona ukukhathazeka okunjalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izigidi zabantu kulezi zinsuku zithola ikhomishini “ngehora”. Okushayela umuzwa wasekhaya umqondo wokuthi isikhathi yimali. “uma ngisebenza 8 amahora we- $10 ngokuhambisana nehora, ngithola ama- $ ayisishiyagalombili!” futhi wazi ukuthi umqondo wesikhathi usebenza kanjani olimini lwethu ngezindlela eziningi. Uma othile efaka ngaphezulu kuka 40 amahora ahambisana neviki, lokho kubhekwa “ngaphezu kwesikhathi esivamile”. Lesi sakamuva “thayipha” yesikhathi, “isikhathi esingeziwe,” kuyigugu elengeziwe kaningi kune “isikhathi esijwayelekile”. Ngoba umlingiswa uthola imali engcono ngokusebenza amahora amakhulu.
Ngenxa yokuthi isikhathi siyimali, ibhizinisi lokuhweba le “ukulawula isikhathi esinamandla” livelile njengebhizinisi ngokwalo. Ungathenga izincwadi ngendlela yokusebenzisa isikhathi sakho ngokuhlakanipha okukhulu. Thatha izingqungquthela ekulawuleni isikhathi, futhi uhlaziye “amaqhinga” ukwenza ukusetshenziswa kwayo okunamandla kakhulu kwehle. Sonke sinentshisekelo yokusebenzisa isikhathi sethu kangcono ngenxa yokuthi lokhu kuvame ukusivumela ukuthi senze imali eyengeziwe.
Kuyathakazelisa, enye yezindlela zokwenza imali ethe xaxa ukweqa ukusebenzela umholo ngokuya ngesikhathi. Abanye abantu abakhokhelwa ngehora, kepha njengenye indlela ngokusebenzisa i-yr, ngomholo wonyaka. Imisebenzi ekhokhelwayo ekhethwayo ikhokhwa kangcono kunemisebenzi esebenza ngehora esebenza. Inkinga ngeholo lehora ukuthi kukhona amahora amaningi kuphela phakathi nosuku. Ngakho-ke noma ngabe ufuna ukusebenza kangakanani, isikhashana kuyancipha.